Building a new home is an exciting journey, but the final product is only as good as the work behind the walls. Many buyers assume a new build is flawless, but construction is a complex process with many moving parts and multiple trades, leaving room for errors, some minor, some critically expensive. A systematic inspection process is your best defense against future headaches. This comprehensive new construction inspection checklist is designed to empower you, the buyer, to understand what professionals look for at each critical stage.
From the concrete in your foundation to the shingles on your roof, we'll break down the key inspection points. This guide covers the three essential inspection phases: pre-drywall, the final walkthrough, and the 11-month warranty check, explaining why each is non-negotiable for protecting your investment. While this checklist is tailored for new builds, those planning extensive updates to an existing home will also find valuable insights. Before diving into the specifics of your new build, it's wise to review a comprehensive home remodel checklist to understand the broader scope of managing a large-scale project.
Think of this article as your roadmap to ensuring the quality, safety, and longevity of your brand-new home. We'll detail everything from structural integrity and electrical safety to HVAC functionality and final finishes. Our goal is to provide actionable steps and clear explanations, so you can move in with genuine confidence and peace of mind, knowing your investment is sound from the ground up. This detailed checklist ensures no stone is left unturned.
1. Foundation and Structural Integrity
The foundation is the most critical component of any new building, supporting the entire structure's weight and ensuring its long-term stability. A comprehensive new construction inspection checklist must begin here, as even minor foundational flaws can lead to catastrophic and expensive problems down the line. This inspection phase evaluates everything from the concrete slab or footings to the load-bearing walls and beams that transfer the home's weight to the ground.
A professional inspector will verify that the foundation was poured correctly, has cured properly, and is free from significant defects. This includes checking for proper drainage to prevent water intrusion, ensuring the soil was adequately compacted, and confirming that the structure meets all local building codes and engineering specifications outlined by bodies like the International Code Council (ICC).
What We Check
- Cracks and Settlement: We meticulously document all visible cracks, measuring their width and length to determine if they are simple shrinkage cracks or signs of a more serious issue like differential settlement.
- Waterproofing and Drainage: For basements and crawl spaces, we verify that exterior waterproofing, vapor barriers, and perimeter drains are installed correctly to prevent moisture problems.
- Structural Connections: We inspect anchor bolts, rebar placement (if visible or documented), and connections between the foundation and the framing to ensure they provide a secure load path.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
Insist on a foundation inspection after the concrete has had sufficient time to cure, typically around 28 days. During your pre-drywall walk-through, look for any visible cracks, signs of water pooling around the foundation, or unsealed penetrations where utilities enter the home. Document everything with photos. Understanding the nuances of foundation issues is key for any homebuyer. For a deeper dive, you can learn more about identifying potential foundation problems on upchurchinspection.com.
2. Roofing System Installation
The roof is a home's first line of defense against the elements, making its proper installation a non-negotiable part of any new construction inspection checklist. A well-installed roofing system protects the entire structure from water intrusion, which can lead to costly mold, rot, and structural damage. This inspection phase covers everything from the underlayment and shingles to flashing, ventilation, and drainage systems, ensuring every component works together to create a watertight and durable shield.
A professional inspector will verify that the roofing materials were installed according to manufacturer specifications and meet local building codes. This includes checking for correct fastener patterns, proper shingle overlap, and adequate attic ventilation, which is crucial for managing temperature and moisture. Guidelines from bodies like the National Roofing Contractors Association (NRCA) set the standard for quality installation.
What We Check
- Materials and Fasteners: We examine the shingles, tiles, or metal panels for damage and ensure they are secured correctly with the specified number and type of fasteners.
- Flashing and Penetrations: We inspect the flashing around chimneys, vents, skylights, and valleys, as these are common failure points. All roof penetrations must be sealed perfectly to prevent leaks.
- Ventilation and Underlayment: We confirm that the attic has sufficient intake and exhaust vents for proper airflow and that the correct underlayment was installed beneath the primary roofing material for secondary water resistance.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
Request to see photos taken by the builder during the roof installation process, specifically of the underlayment and flashing before the shingles were laid. During your final walk-through, look for any loose or damaged shingles, and check inside the attic for signs of daylight, water stains, or moisture on the underside of the roof deck. Documenting these details is vital for your warranty. To better understand what to look for, you can discover more about common roofing issues unveiled by home inspectors on upchurchinspection.com.
3. Electrical Systems and Safety
The electrical system is the nerve center of a modern home, powering everything from lighting and appliances to smart home technology. Given its complexity and potential for danger, a thorough electrical inspection is a non-negotiable part of any new construction inspection checklist. This phase scrutinizes the entire system, from the main service panel to the final outlet, ensuring it is installed correctly, meets all safety codes, and can handle the home's electrical load without risk of fire or shock.
A professional inspector will verify that all wiring, panels, and fixtures comply with the National Electrical Code (NEC), the standard for safe electrical design and installation. This includes confirming proper grounding, appropriate circuit breaker sizing, and the correct placement of safety devices like Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) and Arc Fault Circuit Interrupters (AFCIs). These components are critical for preventing electrocution and electrical fires.
What We Check
- Service Panel and Wiring: We inspect the main electrical panel for proper installation, clear labeling, and correct wire connections. We also check for undersized wiring, double-tapped breakers, or any signs of unprofessional workmanship.
- Outlets, Switches, and Fixtures: Every accessible outlet is tested for correct polarity and grounding. We verify that GFCI protection is installed in required locations like kitchens, bathrooms, and garages, and that all light fixtures and switches function correctly.
- Safety and Grounding: We confirm the presence and proper connection of the main grounding system, which is essential for protecting both the home's occupants and its electronic devices from electrical surges.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
During your walk-throughs, bring a simple outlet tester (available at any hardware store) to check a few outlets yourself. Look inside the main electrical panel to see if the circuits are neatly labeled; this is often a sign of a meticulous electrician. Ensure all exterior outlets and those in wet locations have GFCI protection. Document any non-functional switches or flickering lights. For a comprehensive electrical assessment that guarantees your family's safety, you can trust the experts at upchurchinspection.com.
4. HVAC System Installation and Functionality
A home's heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system is the core of its comfort and air quality. More than just a luxury, a properly installed and sized HVAC unit is essential for energy efficiency, moisture control, and the overall health of the occupants. A thorough new construction inspection checklist must prioritize this system, as errors in installation or sizing can lead to premature failure, high utility bills, and poor indoor air quality. This inspection phase covers everything from the physical placement of the equipment to the integrity of the ductwork and thermostat functionality.
A professional inspector will verify that the HVAC equipment matches the specifications in the builder's plans and is appropriately sized for the home's square footage, insulation, and window layout. They will also confirm adherence to installation standards set by organizations like the Air Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA). This includes checking for proper refrigerant levels, secure duct connections, and correct electrical wiring to ensure the system operates safely and efficiently from day one.
What We Check
- Equipment Sizing and Installation: We confirm the make, model, and capacity (tonnage) of the furnace and air conditioner to ensure they are not undersized or oversized for the home, which can cause inefficiency and short cycling. We also check for level placement of the outdoor unit and adequate clearance for airflow.
- Ductwork Integrity: We inspect all accessible ductwork for proper sealing at joints, signs of kinks or damage, and sufficient insulation. Leaky or poorly installed ducts are a major source of energy loss.
- System Functionality: We operate the system in both heating and cooling modes to verify that air is flowing from all vents, the thermostat is communicating correctly, and the temperature differential (the difference between return and supply air) is within the manufacturer's recommended range.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
During your pre-drywall walk-through, take note of the ductwork layout. Look for any disconnected or crushed ducts before they are hidden behind walls. At the final walk-through, turn on the system and listen for unusual noises. Place your hand over each supply vent to feel for consistent airflow throughout the house. Always ask the builder for all manufacturer documentation and warranty information for your HVAC equipment.
5. Plumbing Systems and Water Supply
A home’s plumbing system is its lifeblood, responsible for delivering clean water and safely removing waste. Issues within this complex network of pipes, drains, and fixtures can lead to devastating water damage, unsanitary conditions, and costly repairs. A comprehensive new construction inspection checklist prioritizes a thorough evaluation of the plumbing to ensure it is installed correctly, functions efficiently, and meets strict safety and building codes. This inspection phase covers everything from water pressure and drainage slope to fixture installation and venting.
A professional inspector will verify that all supply lines are free of leaks, drains have the proper slope, and fixtures are securely installed. This includes confirming that safety measures like pressure-reducing valves are present and functional, and that the entire system complies with standards set by the International Plumbing Code (IPC). Proper installation is crucial for preventing everything from a slow drain to a catastrophic supply line burst.
What We Check
- Supply Lines and Pressure: We test the water pressure to ensure it is within the optimal range (typically 40-80 PSI) and check all visible supply lines for leaks, proper support, and correct materials.
- Drainage, Waste, and Vent (DWV) System: We inspect drain lines for proper slope to prevent clogs and standing water. We also verify that the vent system is correctly installed, which is essential for proper drainage and preventing sewer gas from entering the home.
- Fixtures and Water Heater: We operate all faucets, showers, and toilets to check for leaks, proper mounting, and adequate flow. The water heater installation is inspected for safety compliance, including proper ventilation and a functional temperature and pressure relief valve.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
During your final walk-through, run water in all sinks and tubs simultaneously to check for a significant drop in pressure, which could indicate undersized supply lines. Flush all toilets and listen for gurgling sounds from other drains, a classic sign of a venting problem. Look inside cabinets under sinks with a flashlight for any signs of slow drips or moisture. These simple tests can reveal issues that need to be addressed before you close. For a detailed look at what our plumbing inspections cover, visit upchurchinspection.com.
6. Exterior Walls and Weather Barriers
The exterior walls and weather barriers form the home's primary defense against the elements, often called the building envelope. This crucial system protects the structure from water intrusion, air leakage, and thermal transfer. A thorough new construction inspection checklist must prioritize this area, as failures in the exterior envelope can lead to widespread moisture damage, mold growth, poor energy efficiency, and significant long-term repair costs.
A professional inspector evaluates the installation of all exterior components, from the siding and flashing to the underlying house wrap and window seals. According to organizations like the Building Science Corporation, proper integration of these layers is essential for creating a durable and high-performing home. We verify that every part of this system is installed according to manufacturer specifications and building codes to prevent water from finding its way into the wall cavities.
What We Check
- Weather Resistive Barrier (WRB): We inspect the house wrap for proper installation, ensuring it's lapped correctly (lower layers under upper layers) and that all seams are taped. We check for tears, gaps, or improper fastening that could compromise its function.
- Window and Door Flashing: Correct flashing integration around windows and doors is critical. We look for properly installed head flashing, pan flashing, and jamb flashing designed to direct water away from these vulnerable openings.
- Cladding and Sealants: We examine the exterior cladding (siding, brick, stucco) for defects, proper clearances from grade, and secure attachment. We also meticulously check all caulking and sealant at joints, penetrations, and transitions to ensure they are continuous and properly applied.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
During the pre-drywall inspection, pay close attention to the house wrap and window flashing tapes. Take detailed photos of these installations before they are covered by siding. Ask the builder to confirm that window installation followed the manufacturer’s specific instructions. During the final walk-through, look for any gaps in caulking around windows, doors, and where different materials meet. A properly sealed exterior is a non-negotiable part of a quality build.
7. Interior Drywall, Insulation, and Vapor Barriers
Once the home's "bones" are in place, the focus shifts to creating a comfortable and energy-efficient interior envelope. This crucial stage involves insulation, vapor barriers, and drywall, all of which work together to control temperature, manage moisture, and provide a finished living space. This part of a new construction inspection checklist is vital, as mistakes hidden behind the walls can lead to high energy bills, moisture damage, and poor indoor air quality.
A professional inspector evaluates the quality and completeness of these systems, often during the pre-drywall phase when cavities are still exposed. We verify that insulation meets the specified R-values, is installed without compression or gaps, and that vapor barriers are correctly placed according to local climate requirements. This inspection ensures the home will perform as designed, meeting standards set by organizations like the Insulation Manufacturers Association and the Gypsum Association.
What We Check
- Insulation Integrity: We check that all wall, floor, and ceiling cavities are completely filled with the correct type and thickness (R-value) of insulation, ensuring there are no gaps or compressed areas that would reduce thermal performance.
- Vapor Barrier Installation: In climates where required, we inspect the vapor barrier for proper sealing at all seams, penetrations, and edges to prevent interstitial condensation within the wall assemblies.
- Drywall Finishing Quality: After installation, we examine the drywall for proper fastening, smooth joint compound finishing (taping and mudding), and consistent texture, looking for issues like nail pops, visible seams, or poor sanding that will show through the final paint.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
The pre-drywall inspection is your single best opportunity to verify insulation. Walk through every room and physically look into the open wall cavities. Check the labels on the insulation batts to confirm the R-value matches what was specified in your contract. After the drywall is up, look for wavy walls, visible seam lines, or nail pops during your final walk-through, as these can indicate poor installation. For added assurance, a thermal imaging scan can reveal hidden insulation voids even after the walls are closed.
8. Windows, Doors, and Hardware Installation
Windows and doors are more than just aesthetic features; they are crucial components of a home's thermal envelope, security system, and overall functionality. A proper installation ensures they protect against the elements, operate smoothly, and contribute to energy efficiency. This part of the new construction inspection checklist focuses on verifying that every window and door is correctly framed, flashed, sealed, and equipped with functional hardware.
A professional inspector will evaluate each unit to ensure it meets manufacturer specifications and industry standards, such as those set by the American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA). Issues like improper flashing can lead to significant water intrusion and hidden rot, while poor sealing results in drafts and higher energy bills. Ensuring every component functions as intended is vital for the home's long-term durability and comfort.
What We Check
- Flashing and Sealing: We inspect the exterior perimeter of all windows and doors for continuous, correctly layered flashing and a complete bead of sealant to prevent air and water leaks.
- Operation and Alignment: Each window and door is opened, closed, and locked to confirm smooth operation. We check for proper alignment within the frame, ensuring there are no sticking points or gaps.
- Hardware Functionality: We test all handles, locks, deadbolts, and latches to verify they are securely installed, engage correctly, and provide the intended level of security.
- Glass and Frame Integrity: The glass panes are checked for cracks, failed seals (indicated by condensation between panes), and scratches, while frames are inspected for any damage incurred during construction.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
During your walk-throughs, take the time to operate every single window and door in the house. Do they open and close without excessive force? Do the locks engage easily? Look closely at the exterior sealant; it should be neat and continuous. On a windy day, you can sometimes feel for drafts around the frames. Document any windows that are difficult to operate or doors that don't latch securely, as these are often simple adjustments the builder can address before closing. For a detailed assessment of these critical components, an expert eye from upchurchinspection.com can identify issues you might miss.
9. Kitchen and Bathroom Fixture Installation
The functionality and longevity of your home's most-used rooms, the kitchen and bathrooms, depend heavily on the correct installation of their fixtures. This part of a new construction inspection checklist focuses on everything from sinks and toilets to cabinetry and countertops. Improper installation can lead to immediate annoyances like wobbly faucets, or long-term disasters like hidden water leaks, mold growth, and expensive subfloor repairs.
A professional inspector evaluates both the cosmetic finish and the mechanical function of each fixture. We ensure that every component is installed securely, sealed properly, and operates as the manufacturer intended. This involves verifying that plumbing connections are tight, drains flow correctly, and that materials like countertops and cabinets are level and undamaged, following guidelines from bodies like the National Kitchen and Bath Association (NKBA).
What We Check
- Leaks and Water Pressure: We operate every faucet, showerhead, and toilet, checking for active leaks at supply lines and drain connections. We also assess water pressure to ensure it is adequate and consistent.
- Secure Installation and Sealing: We inspect toilets for stability, which can indicate an improper wax ring seal. We also check that all sinks, countertops, and backsplashes are properly sealed with a continuous bead of caulk to prevent water intrusion.
- Cabinetry and Countertops: We examine cabinets for secure mounting to the wall, proper door and drawer alignment, and any scratches or dings. Countertops are checked to ensure they are level and free from chips or cracks.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
During your final walk-through, take the time to operate every single fixture. Turn faucets on and off, flush all toilets, and run the showers. Open a cabinet beneath a sink and look for any drips with a flashlight. Check that all drawers and cabinet doors open and close smoothly without rubbing. Make sure the toilet doesn’t rock when you gently apply pressure to its side. Documenting these small issues is crucial for your punch list. For more on what to look for during your final inspection, check out our guide at upchurchinspection.com.
10. Final Walkthrough and Code Compliance Verification
The final walkthrough is the last, critical step before you take possession of your new home. It represents the culmination of the entire construction process, offering a final opportunity to ensure every system is operational, all finishes are complete to your satisfaction, and the property is fully compliant with local building codes. This comprehensive verification is more than just a cosmetic check; it's a procedural confirmation that the home is safe, functional, and ready for occupancy.
A professional inspector methodically tests all systems, reviews documentation, and verifies that every item from previous inspections has been addressed. This process is essential for creating a final "punch list" of outstanding issues for the builder to correct. The final step in ensuring your new home is ready for move-in is obtaining the necessary certifications, such as understanding how to get an occupancy permit, which hinges on passing these final checks.
What We Check
- System Functionality: We test every system, including HVAC, plumbing fixtures, electrical outlets and switches, lighting, and all installed appliances to confirm they are working as specified.
- Code Compliance Documentation: We review the file for all required passed inspections and permits, ensuring the Certificate of Occupancy (CO) can be issued without issue. This includes verifying fire safety systems and egress routes meet standards set by bodies like the International Code Council (ICC).
- Punch List Items: We meticulously inspect all previously noted deficiencies from the pre-drywall and other phased inspections to confirm they have been properly and completely resolved.
Actionable Tips for Buyers
Schedule your final walkthrough with your builder and your independent inspector present. Come prepared with your own notes and copies of previous inspection reports. Create a detailed punch list during the walkthrough, assigning responsibility and a clear timeline for each item. Do not sign off or close on the home until you are satisfied that all critical safety and functional issues have been rectified. For more details on this crucial step, you can learn more about what to expect during a final walk-through on upchurchinspection.com.
10-Point New Construction Inspection Checklist Comparison
| Item | 🔄 Implementation complexity | ⚡ Resource requirements | 📊 Expected outcomes | 💡 Ideal use cases | ⭐ Key advantages |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foundation and Structural Integrity | High — requires structural engineer, subsurface tests, possible excavation | High — engineers, GPR, lab testing, heavy equipment | Prevents major structural failure; long-term stability ensured | New builds, major renovations, sites with settlement risk | Early defect detection; protects property value |
| Roofing System Installation | Medium–High — access/safety concerns, detailed flashing work | Medium — skilled roofers, safety gear, drones for inspection | Weatherproofing; reduced leaks and mold risk | Regions with heavy precipitation; warranty verifications | Extends roof life; prevents water intrusion |
| Electrical Systems and Safety | High — licensed electrician, code-critical coordination | Medium — testers, multimeter, panel access, skilled labor | Reduced fire/electrical hazards; code compliance | All residential/commercial occupancies, service upgrades | Protects occupants; essential for insurance/code |
| HVAC System Installation and Functionality | Medium — sizing and airflow balancing; seasonal performance | Medium — HVAC techs, gauges, thermal imaging, duct testing | Comfort, IAQ, energy efficiency when correct | Climate-controlled buildings, efficiency-focused projects | Improves comfort and lowers operating costs |
| Plumbing Systems and Water Supply | High — concealed piping, slope and backflow concerns | Medium–High — plumbers, pressure gauges, possible excavation | Prevents leaks, contamination, and water damage | Sites with slab work, multi-unit water distribution | Protects structure; ensures potable water safety |
| Exterior Walls and Weather Barriers | Medium — integration of cladding, flashing, sealants | Medium — carpenters/contractors, thermal imaging, access equipment | Improved weather resistance and energy performance | All exteriors, high-exposure climates, window installations | Prevents moisture ingress; improves durability |
| Interior Drywall, Insulation, and Vapor Barriers | Medium — finishing quality and correct R-values needed | Low–Medium — insulation materials, thermal cameras, skilled installers | Better thermal performance and moisture control | Energy-efficiency retrofits, fire-rated partitions | Enhances comfort; reduces energy loss |
| Windows, Doors, and Hardware Installation | Medium — precise flashing, shimming, and sealing required | Low–Medium — installers, sealants, smoke sticks for testing | Improved security, airtightness, and weather protection | Façade upgrades, energy code compliance, security-focused builds | Prevents air/water infiltration; ensures operation |
| Kitchen and Bathroom Fixture Installation | Low–Medium — alignment, waterproofing, plumbing ties | Low — plumbers/finish carpenters, caulk, testers | Functional fixtures; reduced leak risk if correct | Fit-outs, warranty inspections, multi-unit finishes | Prevents water damage; ensures usability |
| Final Walkthrough and Code Compliance Verification | Medium — coordination-heavy; multi-system testing | Low–Medium — inspectors, documentation, contractors | Project readiness, permit/CO verification, punch list closure | Project closeout, occupancy approval, final payments | Ensures compliance; identifies remaining defects |
Turn Your Checklist into Action and Protect Your Investment
Navigating the journey of building a new home is exhilarating, but ensuring its long-term quality requires diligence and a keen eye for detail. This comprehensive new construction inspection checklist has equipped you with the knowledge to understand the critical checkpoints of the building process, from the initial pour of the foundation to the final coat of paint. You now have a framework for what constitutes a well-built home, empowering you to ask intelligent questions and participate actively in your walkthroughs.
The true power of this guide lies not just in knowing what to look for, but in recognizing the profound complexity involved. Each item, from the proper installation of flashing on the roof to the correct GFCI protection in the kitchen, represents a potential point of failure if overlooked. A small mistake during the pre-drywall phase, like a nicked plumbing line or a misplaced vapor barrier, can manifest as a catastrophic and expensive problem years later. Your new home is more than just a structure; it’s a system of interconnected components that must work in harmony.
From Checklist to Confidence: The Role of Professional Inspection
While this checklist is an invaluable tool for your personal review, it also underscores the irreplaceable value of a professional, third-party home inspection. A certified inspector brings years of training, specialized tools like thermal cameras and moisture meters, and an unbiased perspective that is solely focused on protecting your interests. They are trained to see beyond the fresh paint and gleaming countertops to identify the subtle but significant issues that an untrained eye will almost certainly miss.
Consider these critical takeaways:
- Phased Inspections are Non-Negotiable: The pre-drywall inspection is your only opportunity to see the "bones" of your house. Once the drywall is up, issues with framing, plumbing, and electrical wiring are concealed, making them impossible to verify without destructive measures. A final walkthrough inspection verifies that all systems are functioning as intended before you take possession.
- Documentation is Your Leverage: A detailed, photo-rich inspection report is your most powerful tool for negotiating repairs with your builder. It transforms subjective concerns into objective, evidence-based findings that are difficult to dispute. This documentation is also crucial for any future warranty claims.
- The 11-Month Warranty Inspection is Your Safety Net: Many construction defects are "latent," meaning they only become apparent after the home has settled and been lived in for several months. The 11-month warranty inspection is your final chance to identify and report these issues while the builder is still contractually obligated to fix them at their expense.
Protecting Your West Tennessee Investment
Ultimately, a new construction home represents one of the largest financial and emotional investments you will ever make. Relying solely on the builder's internal quality control or the municipal code inspector, whose focus is on minimum safety standards, leaves a significant gap in assurance. By investing in independent, phased inspections, you are not adding an expense; you are purchasing peace of mind and protecting the future value of your asset. You are ensuring that your dream home is built not just to look good on closing day, but to be safe, durable, and sound for decades to come.
This new construction inspection checklist is your first step. The next is to partner with a professional who can bring it to life. For homebuyers across Greater Memphis and West Tennessee, from Arlington and Bartlett to Collierville and Germantown, this is where expert guidance becomes your greatest advantage. An inspector acts as your advocate, ensuring the home you move into is the home you were promised.
Ensure your new home is built to the highest standard with an advocate on your side. The experts at Upchurch Inspection specialize in phased new construction inspections, using this detailed checklist approach to provide the comprehensive, photo-rich reports you need for ultimate confidence. Schedule your inspection with Upchurch Inspection today and protect your investment from the ground up.
